Day 1: My Favorite Economist

If I were to proclaim that Keynes was undoubtedly my favorite economist, I would be deemed as quite unoriginal and simply following the crowd. Why would I choose someone who is known widely by every single person on the planet (and their parents and their grand-parents and probably their children too, you get the point)? Well, it's because I thoroughly believe that Keynes is worth the hype. He is worth every piece of recognition he got and his brilliancy deserves to be cemented and immortalized in the decades to come as well.

Keynes's practicality is his forte and is the reason why I hold him in such high regard. He saw a real crisis in the form of the Great Depression, and instead of resorting to pessimism and age-old, ineffective economic theories like many of his counterparts did, he offered revolutionary ideas that broke out of the confines of classical orthodoxy. His intellectual flexibility was miles ahead of his time.

In a bid to reflect upon my favorite economist and his contributions to the field of Economics, I decided to embark on a 15-day journey which I will spend exploring his novel ideas. Welcome to 15 days of Keynes!

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Day 13: Multiplier Effect

I am hungry. I buy two huge margherita pizzas. The cost of the pizzas to me is income to the seller. What the seller spends out of this income would be income to someone else. This goes on and on and on. This becomes an economy-wide chain reaction, or the "multiplier effect" as Keynes called it. Thus, consumption rather than thrift promotes economic growth, and the government should stimulate demand. Each unit of money it spends increases economic activity, not by one unit, but by one unit times a multiplier. The expenditure more than pays for itself! This seems like the panacea to all economic evils: the government should just spend and spend and this initial injection will further create waves of spending and thus, reboot the economy. However, this solution of spending more and not worrying about the incoming due bills sounds a bit too idealistic and "too good to be true" to me.

Day 14: Critiquing Keynes

Keynesian ideologies have been widely debated upon, which has led to a bifurcation in academia. Some stand by his ideas and build upon them while others strongly refute his notions and have criticized his work extensively. A critique I find very valid is that of his undue promotion of deficit spending. Keynesian Economics advocates for increasing budget deficits during recession. He failed to acknowledge the crowding out effect that would potentially ensue. For a government to borrow more, interest rates on bonds would rise which would discourage and stifle private sector investments. Yet another critique originated after observing the real world effects of Keynes's suggested expansionary fiscal policies on global economies. Fiscal expansion often tends to show up at a later stage when the economy is on its path to recovery. Thus, instead of its intended effect, it ends up causing inflation. Milton Friedman, Keynes's biggest critic, also provided a very logical argument stat...

Day 11: Tackling the Business Cycle

As emphasized priorly, Keynesians staunchly believe in activist policies to reduce the amplitude of the business cycle. According to Keynes, the business cycle is the root of all economic evils and is the most important of all economic problems. To tackle this, Keynes advocated for countercyclical fiscal policies that act against the direction of the business cycle. For example, deficit spending on labor-intensive infrastructure projects to stimulate employment and stabilize wages during periods of economic downturns. In a situation of abundant demand-side growth, Keynesians would lobby for raising taxes to cool the economy and prevent inflation. They also rely on monetary policies in certain situations (minus periods of liquidity trap) to stimulate the economy, like reducing interest rates to encourage investments.

15 Days of Keynes.

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